Bourn



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. K. KILBOUBN.

GOMPRESSION PUMP FOR GASEOUS FLUIDS. No. 439.520. Patented Oct. 28, 1890.

THE News PETERS co, urmm'umo WASHINGTON, u. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. K. KILBOURN.

COMPRESSION PUMP FOR GASEOUS FLUIDS.

No. 439,520. Patented Oct. 28, 1890.

s a e h S w e m M 3 N R U 0 .B L T K K J (No Model.)

COMPRESSION PUMP FOR GASEOUS FLUIDS.

No. 439,520. Patented001;. 28, 1890.

| ERS co., wow-um UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.IOSEIII KNIGHT KILBOI RN, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

COMPRESSION-PUMP FOR GASEOUS FLUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 439,520, dated October 28, 1890.

Application filed December 23, 1889, Serial No. 335,225. (No model.) Patented in England March 31, 1888, No. 4,851.

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, .IosEPH KNIGHT KIL- BOURN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compression-Pumps for Gaseous Fluids, (for which I have been granted a patent in Great Britain, No. 4,851, dated March 31, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

My invent-ion relates to pumps used for compressing gaseous fluids, and is especially serviceable where the compression has to be carried to heavy pressures. In the use of such pumps, as ordinarily constructed, extreme difficulty has been experienced in preventing leakage of the gas from the machine, and especially in preventing its escape at the pump-rod packing unless the latter is compressed to a very objectionable degree.

The object of my invention is to provide improved compression-pumps of high efficiency, 1

in which the above-mentioned diflicnlty is overcome or minimized.

In the accompanying drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure I is a front elevation of a compression-pump embodying my improvements. Fig. II is a side elevation, partlyin section, on the line A Aoif Figs. I and III, and Fig. III is a plan of same. Fig. IV is a sectional elevation on the line I 13 of Fig. V of a slightly-modified form, suitable for pumps of smaller size than that shown in I, II, and III; and Fig. Y is a plan of the same.

Throughout the d rawin gs similar parts are denoted by similar reference-figures, and in the case of sectional views the direction in which the section viewed is indicated by the small arrows adjacent to the letters dcnoting the plane of section.

Referring in the first place to Figs. 1, II, and III, 1 is the base-plate to which is bolted the casing 2, which casing serves as a support for the comprcssion-cylinder 3 and incloscs the crank and connecting-rod for actuating the pump-piston. The casing 2 is closed at one side by the cover at, through which the driving-shaft 5 passes, and at the other side by the cover 6, which carries the gage 36 for indicating the level of the sealing-liquid within the casing.

The driving-shaft 5 passes through the gland 7, stutting-box 8, sealing-chamber J, bearing 10, and is coupled to the crank 11 by the coupling 12. The crank 11 is carried in two bearings (only one of which 13 is shown) cast with the casing 2.

The compressioncylinder 23, as before stated, is supported by the casing 2, and it is surrounded by the casing 1-I, which forms an annular Water-jacket round the cylinder, 15 15 being the openings for the circulating-water connections. The compression-cylinder is fitted with the hollow trunk-piston 16, coupled to the crank by the connecting-rod 17 and the cross-head pin 18, and, as shown, the cylinder is prolonged downward, so as to guide the piston. 19 is the piston-packing, secured by the junk-ring 20, which latter is shown threaded to the body of the piston and serves also as the seating for the inletvalve 21.

It is essential that a valve placed in a piston should be so arranged that it cannot get adrift, and it is also desirable that it should be readily removable without serious difiiculty, and the arrangements shown are designed to fullill these conditions.

The valve 21 is hollow, and it is guided from the inside of the junk-ring by three or more radial feathers. To insure the rapid closing of the valve a spring under slight compres sion (shown at I} is fitted under the junkring and abuts against the collar 22, secured to the valve. This collar is notched at intervals and the valve has holes 23, so that the gas thus flows through and around the valve toward the seatin 2i is the deli\ 'ery-valve box, forming a cover for the co in press ion-cylin d or and water-j acket, and serving as a seat for the delivery-valve 25. It is closed by the cover 20.

The delivcrywalve 25 may be a hollow valve, as shown, or it may be a disk valve working over a grid. The valve is guided by three or more radial feathers, and, as in the case of the valve 21, the holes 27 provide a communication between the outside and the inside of the valve, and it is provided with a spring. (Shown at 28 is the inlet-opening, and 29 is the delivery-opening for the gas to be compressed.

In the pump shown in Figs. IV and V the crank-pin is overhung and. the bearing 10 brought close up to the crank-disk, the bearings 13 1 3 of Fig. III being so dispensed with. The inlet-Valve 21 is here shown solid, and it is guided within the shouldered sleeve 32, which serves as an abutment for the spring 30, and is held in place by the junk-ring. In other respects this pump is substantially identical with that already described. The lower part of the casing 2 and of the sealing-chamber 9 is filled with a suitable liquid, which is maintained at such a level as to entirely cover the shaft 5, and so prevent the escape of gas at the stuffing-box 8. It is desirable that the sealing-liquid should be a lubricant, and one that absorbs as little of the gas as possible. The sealing-chamber 9 communicates with the casing 2 by the passages 34 and 35, situated, respectively,.below and above the level of the sealing-liquid. As the sealing-liquid in the sealing-chamber 9 only communicates with that in the casing 2 by means of a passage of small area, the surface of the sealingliquid in the sealing-chamber is not liable to be disturbed by the splashing occasioned by the dipping of the crank-pin, and the liability of the stuffing-box 8 to become unsealed by the oscillations of the pump when placed on board ship is much reduced. Moreover, any gas that may become absorbed in or mechanically mixed with the liquid in the casing 2, and thus pass the bearing 10 into the sealingchamber, will have an opportunity of rising into the upper part thereof and returning to the casing by the passage 35. Thus the sealing-chamber 9 acts very effectively to prevent leakage of the gas at the stuffing-box 8.

The sealing-liquid is forced into the casing, as required, by a small hand-pump and con.- nections which are not shown. By the aid of the gage 36 the height of the sealing-liquid in the casing can be readily determined. This gage is of novel construction; but as it is subject-matter for another patent it is not here described.

The operation is as follows: The casing and the sealing-chamber being filled to the proper level with the sealing-liquid, as described, the gas to be compressed enters the casing by the inlet 28, passes through and around the inlet-valve 21 into the part of the cylinder above the piston, is compressed on the upstroke, and discharged from the valveboX through the delivery-opening 29. By this arrangement of admitting the gas into the casing 2 compression is aided to the extent of the pressure of the incoming gas under the entire area of the piston, while on the downstroke the inlet-valve is of such area that the pressure on the top of the piston equals the resisting-pressure beneath it. As the shaft-bearings are entirely submerged, and as at each revolution the crank-pin dips into the sealing-liquid, these parts are very efficiently lubricated.

It will be seen that these pumps are singleacting and that one of the distinguishing features of the invention consists in inclosing the actuating parts of the pump, with the exception of part of the driving-shaft, in a gastight easing, into which the driving-shaft passes through a stuffing-box placed below the level of a sealing-liquid and through a sealing-chamber, so preventing the access of the gas to the stuffing-boX. There is thus no working-joint at which there can be any loss of gas, the only working-joint at which there can be any leakage into the atmoshere being the stuffing-box 8, and any leakage that may occur here will be a leakage of the sealingliquid and not of gas, and the packing only requires to be compressed sufficiently to prevent such leakage. 'Any leakage of gas that may occur at the piston or valves will simply impair the efficiency, and not cause a loss of gas.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with the piston and crank-shaft, an air-tight casing comprising the casing proper 2, the removable cover 4, having an inclosed chamber 9, communicating through an opening 3% with the interior of the casing, being adapted to receive sealing-liquid and retain it against agitation,and a stuffing-box, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the piston and crankshaft, the casing 2, adapted to receive a sealing-liquid, having an inclosed chamber 9, the wall of which has a lower opening 34, through which the sealing-liquid may enter the chamber 9 from the casing 2, and an upper opening 35 for the escape of gas, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the piston and crank-shaft, a casing comprising an interior chamber to receive sealing-liquid about the crankshaft and an inclosed chamber 9, communicating therewith through an opening 34, whereby the liquid will be held against agitation, substantially as described.

4. In combination with the piston, the gas: tight casing, the valve 21, having a hollow stem of smaller diameter than the bore of its seat 20 to form an annular space and having an opening 23, extending through the hollow stem, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH KNIGHT KILBOURN.

\Vitnesses:

ROBERT A. SLOAN, J. E. LLYOD BARNES,

-Both of 26 Castle street, Liverpool. 

